Public Joint Stock Company
Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya "Cleat"
Tupolev Design Bureau Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya
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| Aeroflot Tu-114 at Schiphol Airport in 1964 | |
| Role | Large turboprop airliner |
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| Manufacturer | Tupolev OKB |
| First flight | 15 November 1957; 66 years ago |
| Introduction | 24 April 1961 |
| Retired | 1991 |
| Status | Retired |
| Primary users | Aeroflot Japan Airlines (in association with Aeroflot) Soviet Air Forces |
| Produced | 1958–1963 |
| Number built | 32 |
| Developed from | Tupolev Tu-95 |
| Variants | Tupolev Tu-126 |
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History Public Joint Stock Company Tupolev,
Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya "Cleat"
The Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya (Russian: Tyполев Тy-114 Poccия; NATO reporting name Cleat) is a retired large turboprop-powered long-range airliner designed by the Tupolev design bureau and built in the Soviet Union from May 1955. The aircraft was the largest and fastest passenger plane at that time and also had the longest range, at 10,900 km (6,800 mi). It has held the official title of fastest propeller-driven aircraft since 1960. Due to its swept wing and powerplant design, the Tu-114 was able to travel at speeds typical of modern jetliners, 880 km/h (550 mph). Although it was able to accommodate 224 passengers, when operated by Aeroflot, it was more common to accommodate 170 passengers with sleeping berths and a dining lounge.
Design
The Tu-114 had several unique features for its time, such as:
- Wings swept back at 35 degrees — the same angle as for the Boeing 707 and several other pure turbojet-powered airliners
- The most powerful turboprop engines to enter service on any aircraft, the Kuznetsov NK-12MV, each driving two AV-60H, contra-rotating, four-bladed, reversible-pitch propellers.
- Lower deck galleys. A dumbwaiter connected the galley to the upper deck; originally, a member of the crew was a chef.
- Lower deck aircrew rest area.
- Long landing gear (the nose gear was 3 meters high) due to a combination of a low wing and its large propeller diameter. Many destination airports did not have steps tall enough to reach the Tu-114's cabin door because of this.
The Tu-114s was a rare example of a plane with a dual-use layout — as a commercial airliner and for government transportation. The same dual-purpose layout was used in the first Tu-104s. The Tu-114 had four sleeping compartments with three berths in each, and a "restaurant" cabin in the midsection of the aircraft — the loudest section on the aircraft — with eight tables, each of which had six seats in a face-to-face arrangement. During official flights the middle cabin was used as a restaurant for dining. VIPs like Nikita Khrushchev and his wife travelled in the sleeping compartments, with their staff and entourage in two tourist class cabins with 3+3 layout. Front cabins had 41 seats (first row 2+3), and the aft cabin had 54 seats.
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Public Joint Stock Company Tupolev,
Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya "Cleat"
Public Joint Stock Company Tupolev,
Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya "Cleat"
General Info
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- Crew: 5 or 6 flight crew with up to 10 cabin crew
- Capacity: up to 220 pax
- Length: 54.1 m (177 ft 6 in)
- Wingspan: 51.1 m (167 ft 8 in)
- Width: 4.2 m (13 ft 9 in)
- Height: 15.44 m (50 ft 8 in)
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Powerplant
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- Empty weight: 91,000 kg
- Gross weight: 164,000 kg
- Max takeoff weight: 171,000 kg
- Fuel capacity: 60,000 kg
- Powerplant: 4 × Kuznetsov NK-12MV turboprop engines, 11,033 kW (14,795 hp) each
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Performance
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- Maximum speed: 870 km/h (540 mph, 470 kn) at 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
- Maximum speed: Mach 0.78 at 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
- Cruise speed: 770 km/h (480 mph, 420 kn) at 9,000 m (30,000 ft)
- Range: 8,950 km (5,560 mi, 4,830 nmi) with max fuel and 15,000 kg payload
- Service ceiling: 12,000 m (39,000 ft)
Related development
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Links to Youtube & Others
The Tu-114 entered regular Aeroflot service on flights from Vnukovo Airport in Moscow to Khabarovsk on 24 April 1961. It was subsequently used for Aeroflot flights to international destinations including Copenhagen, Havana, Montreal, New Delhi, Paris, Belgrade and Tokyo (in co-operation with JAL).
Tupolev Design Bureau Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya
Maximum speed on a 1,000-km (621-mile) closed circuit with payloads of 0 to 25,000 kg (0 to 55,116 lb) Pilot: Ivan Sukhomlin (USSR) Captain: B. Timochuk + 4 other crew
Youtube Link
The second preproduction Tu-114 (СССР-76459) was prepared and clearance obtained to fly with the 30-tonne (metric ton) payload required for some of the record attempts
Read more in Public Joint Stock Company Tupolev, Tupolev Tu-114 Rossiya "Cleat"
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