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English Electric
Canberra PR.9 / Martin B-57


Canberra T.4 WJ874 in 2005. It had been painted in 1999 to represent the first prototype VN799, first flown in 1949.
Role Bomber/Reconnaissance
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer English Electric
First flight 13 May 1949
Introduction 25 May 1951
Retired 23 June 2006 (RAF), 11 May 2007 (IAF)
Status Retired from service
Primary users Royal Air Force
Number built
  • 900 (UK)
  • 49 (Australia)
Developed into Martin B-57 Canberra
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History English Electric Company Limited (EE)
English Electric Canberra Pr.9 / B-57



The English Electric Canberra is a British first-generation, jet-powered medium bomber. It was developed by English Electric during the mid- to late 1940s in response to a 1944 Air Ministry requirement for a successor to the wartime de Havilland Mosquito fast bomber. Among the performance requirements for the type was an outstanding high-altitude bombing capability and high speed. These were partly accomplished by making use of newly developed jet-propulsion technology. When the Canberra was introduced to service with the Royal Air Force (RAF), the type's first operator, in May 1951, it became the service's first jet-powered bomber

The Canberra could deploy many conventional weapons; typical weapons used were 250-pound, 500-pound, and 1000-pound bombs, the total bomb load could weigh up to 10,000 lb (4,500 kg).
Two bomb-bays are housed within the fuselage, normally enclosed by conventional clam-shell doors; a rotating door was substituted for these on the Martin-built B-57 Canberras. Additional stores of up to 2,000 pounds (900 kg) could be carried upon underwing pylons.

Design

Canberra B.2 WD940, 1951
The English Electric Canberra is a bomber aircraft powered by two jet engines, and able to fly at high altitudes. An early prototype operated by Rolls-Royce regularly flew to 63,000 ft, where the usable speed range (coffin corner) was only 25 knots, during Avon engine test flights. The overall design has been described as being of a simple nature, somewhat resembling a scaled-up Gloster Meteor fighter, except for its use of a mid wing. The Canberra principally differed from its preceding piston-powered wartime bombers by its use of twin Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engines. The fuselage was circular in cross section, tapered at both ends, and cockpit aside, entirely without protrusions; the line of the large, low-aspect-ratio wings was broken only by the tubular engine nacelles. The Canberra had a two-man crew in a fighter-style cabin with a large blown canopy, but delays in the development of the intended automatic radar bombsight resulted in the addition of a bomb aimer's position housed within the nose. The pilot and navigator were positioned in a tandem arrangement on Martin-Baker ejection seats..
 

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English Electric
English Electric Canberra Pr.9 / B-57

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Avro International Aerospace

English Electric
Canberra Pr.9 / B-57

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General Info

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        • Crew: 3
        • Length: 65 ft 6 in (19.96 m)
        • Wingspan: 64 ft 0 in (19.51 m)
        • Height: 15 ft 8 in (4.78 m)
        • Wing area: 960 sq ft (89 m2)
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Powerplant

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Performance

    • Maximum speed: 580 mph (930 km/h, 500 kn) at (12,000 m)
    • Maximum speed: Mach 0.88
    • Combat range: 810 mi (1,300 km,
    • Ferry range: 3,380 mi (5,440 km,
    • Service ceiling: (15,000 m)
    • Rate of climb:  (17 m/s)
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Armament

      • Guns: 4 × 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannon mounted in rear bomb bay (500 rounds/gun), or 2 × 0.30 in (7.62 mm) machine gun pods
      • Rockets: 2 × unguided rocket pods with 37 2-inch (51 mm) rockets, or 2 × Matra rocket pods with 18 SNEB 68 mm rockets each
      • Missiles: A variety of missiles can be carried according to mission requirements, e.g: 2 × AS-30L air-to-surface missiles
      • Bombs: Total of 8,000 lb (3,628 kg) of payload
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Special Links English Electric Company Limited (EE)

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Another external issue that affected development was the failure of the Telecommunications Research Establishment to produce the radar bombing system for the aircraft in a timely fashion.

English Electric English Canberra Pr.9 / B-57

The English Electric Canberra is a bomber aircraft powered by two jet engines,

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Upon entering service on 25 May 1951, the English Electric Canberra became the Royal Air Force's first jet-powered bomber. Essentially, the English Electric Canberra is an all-metal, semi-monocoque construction

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Read more in English Electric Company Limited (EE) was a British aircraft manufacturer. 

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